The solvent flux across the membrane can be expressed as (where A is the area, Lₚ is the membrane permeability, σ is the reflection point, Δp is applied pressure and Δπ is the osmotic pressure)

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The solvent flux across the membrane can be expressed as (where A is the area, Lₚ is the membrane permeability, σ is the reflection point, Δp is applied pressure and Δπ is the osmotic pressure) Answer: J = Lₚ(Δp - σΔπ)

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This question is part of ⚗️ Biochemical Engineering within the broader 🧬 Medical Science subject and appears in the DemoPaper-Pakistan preparation collection. Reviewing the answer together with nearby questions helps reinforce the underlying concept and identify how it may appear in competitive exams.