The actual field seen by an atom is larger than applied field.
When an electric field E is applied to solid and liquid insulating materials, the internal field Ei acting at the location of atom is such that
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Question context
This question is part of 📡 Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE) within the broader 🛠️ Engineering Essentials subject and appears in the DemoPaper-Pakistan preparation collection. Reviewing the answer together with nearby questions helps reinforce the underlying concept and identify how it may appear in competitive exams.